I critically analyze the treatment of these questions by William Alston (1921), a distinguished American philosopher of religion. Alston developed new approaches to the topic. Unlike most of the theories proposed regarding religious language, Alston’s theory expounded, in his recent works, defends a moderate traditional position regarding religious language. Alston accomplishes this by employing current approaches, including analytical philosophy and functionalism. Alston’s answer to the first question lies in his realism, while he answers the second with a theory of “partial literalism.” I also compare Alston’s view with other contemporary theologians, including D. Z. Phillips, Paul Tillich, John Hick, and finally, Muhammad Husayn Tabtabi, a contemporary Iranian Muslim theologian and philosopher. In light of the last comparison, we can see what kinds of common or different elements are found in the analysis of religious language of two different belief systems, Islam and Christianity